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Introduction

USP-OC31 is a chlorite-based oxidant blend that is designed to efficiently and rapidly oxidize hydrogen sulfide and organic odors in wastewater collection systems, treatment plants (headworks, thickeners, dewatering operations) and industrial wastewaters. USP-OC31 is environmentally friendly and does not form chlorinated by-products, with the end-product being table salt (sodium chloride).

USP-OC31 Properties & Dosing

USP-OC31’s main active ingredient, sodium chlorite (NaClO2), is a fast-reacting oxidant (seconds) that provides immediate control of hydrogen sulfide and many other organic odors in collection systems, treatment plants and industrial wastewaters, particularly in solids processing operations. Unlike hypochlorite, USP-OC31 does not react with ammonia and does not form chlorinated organics. USP- OC31 oxidizes hydrogen sulfide according to the following equation…

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Introduction

Sulfide odor control within sanitary sewers has been practiced for over 50 years, yet only recently have substantive advances been made. Where once the choice of chemical treatment was either chlorine or iron salts, safer and more environmentally benign technologies based on hydrogen peroxide, nitrates and/or magnesium hydroxide have gained acceptance. These new alternatives, however, can increase treatment costs substantially and present limitations in themselves. USP Technologies identified and addressed this issue by lessening the adverse impacts of the older, cheaper mainstays, particularly iron salts such as ferrous/ferric chloride or sulfate that provide other benefits to wastewater treatment operations.

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Introduction

Peracetic Acid (PAA) is an organic peroxide compound with the formula CH3CO3H. It is environmentally friendly as it hydrolyzes to acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide in water. It is a broad-spectrum biocide with a fast reaction time in minutes and leaves no harmful by-products.

Peracetic acid is a strong oxidant and disinfectant with oxidation potential higher than that of chlorine or chlorine dioxide. PAA is available in the form of equilibrium mixture which also contains hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid (vinegar) and water as shown by the following equation…

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Introduction

The use of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a pre-oxidant in municipal water treatment is well documented and has been practiced for over 15 years. Historical applications of H2O2 in drinking water have been for taste and odor control, hydrogen sulfide removal, iron removal and ozone enhancement/destruction. With the EPA Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (Stage 2 DBPR) coming into effect, more recent emphasis has been on the reduction of the formation of total trihalomethanes (TTHM) and haloacetic acids (HAA5).

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Cloevis Biofilm Removal Service (Cloevis BRS) is an innovative technology offering that removes the biofilms that adhere to the inner surfaces of wastewater forcemain walls, including the underlying Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) that produce hydrogen sulfide. As a result, gaseous hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) production is eliminated. The treatment requires an initial conditioning period when the biofilm that harbors the SRB’s is removed, followed by maintenance treatments that are repeated as monitored lines show signs of SRB reformation.

The Cloevis technology, delivered as a turn-key, fixed-cost, full-service program, provides the following benefits relative to conventional sulfide control treatments:

• Avoidance or minimization of onsite chemical storage
• Independence from sulfide loading, retention time or oxygen uptake
• No labor/maintenance requirement
• Removal of sulfide odors for up to three weeks after treatment cycle
• Elimination of methane production within the treated segment
• No downstream adverse impacts due to residual treatment chemicals
• Effective cost similar to caustic shocking and less than nitrate or iron salts

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